In gun barrel-cradle structure, the presence of clearance usually changes the dynamic response of muzzle and results in shooting dispersion (under continuous firing condition).The parameter estimation of such clearance nonlinear system is the prerequisite for establishing quantitative relation between the clearance and muzzle disturbance.In The urban rent in the multicultural city: retail shops, migrants and urban decline in the historic centre of Palermo [La rendita urbana nella città multiculturale: attività commerciali, migranti e declino urbano nel centro storico di Palermo] this paper, the restoring force surface (RFS) method and the nonlinear identification through feedback of outputs (NIFO) method are first combined for parameter identification in a simplified barrel-cradle structure.
With the RFS method, clearance value can be obtained by analyzing the restoring force plot.Then the contact stiffness can be identified by using NIFO method.This identification process is verified in a single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) system with clearance.
To adapt to the rigid-flexible coupled beam system with clearances which is simplified from the barrel-cradle structure, a modification for the combined method mentioned above is proposed.The core idea of the modification is reducing the continuous system to multiple-degree-of-freedom (MDOF) system to Volatility spillovers and the role of leading financial centres reserve the nonlinear characteristics through modal transformation matrix.The advantage of this transformation is that the linear parts of the MDOF systems are decoupled, which greatly reduces the difficulty of identification.
The simulation results have shown the effectiveness of current method.